Recommended that you consult the operator module to determine if For arithmetic and comparison operations, it is Operator being implemented as a function whose name reflects its Has numerous built-in arithmetic and comparison operators, each The Python standard documentation has a list of built-inįunctions, many of which are useful in functional programming. This has been a rather short tutorial to functional programming sage: primroots ( 3 ) sage: primroots ( 5 ) sage: primroots ( 7 ) sage: primroots ( 11 ) sage: primroots ( 13 ) sage: primroots ( 17 ) sage: primroots ( 23 ) sage: primroots ( 29 ) sage: primroots ( 31 ) Further resources #

: good_odd_integers = filter ( is_coprime, ). : is_coprime = lambda x : gcd ( x, znorder ) = 1. Uses reduce and the built-in function operator.add to add It to a given sequence to reduce that sequence to a single value. The function reduce takes a function of two arguments and apply It takes some getting used to.Sage: rand_row = lambda n : sage: rand_mat = lambda nrows, ncols : sage: matrix ( rand_mat ( 5, 3 )) # random sage: rows = sage: cols = sage: M = list ( map ( rand_mat, rows, cols )) sage: M = list ( map ( matrix, M )) sage: M # random Reducing a sequence to a value # The real difficulty I've found in picking up declarative programming languages in general (of which functional is a subset) is giving up that urge to be in control to tell the computer what to do. That being said, despite my handicap in maths I did pick up Haskell, so it's not impossible.

Haskell's community can, indeed, get a little bit annoying in its maths-focused way of speaking about things, but Erlang and Clojure both are very pragmatic functional programming languages that are not that hard to pick up because the tutorial information is written, seemingly, for programmers, not hard-core maths geeks. I've learnt three different functional languages now to reasonable proficiency (Haskell, Erlang, Clojure) and my own maths skills are extremely weak. Indeed many universities still place their computer science programs under the purview of the mathematics department.Īs for learning functional programming, you do not need to have a strong base in mathematics to learn it. All programming is related to mathematics.

Mathematica functional programming